Oil Cooling System

All tools device has two different systems, one for refrigeration and more for lubrication. The lubrication system is stretched, in general, quite complex and requires a combination of different procedures, as we shall see. The cooling system is independent of its predecessor and focuses primarily on the cooling of the cutting tool or tools. It has a circulation circuit blocking the recovery of refrigerant liquid containing tank, reservoir, pipes, hoses, control valves and pump. The cutting fluid is also a lubricant to minimize friction in the machining process.

Lubrication System

The lubrication system tower is designed to provide a precise quantity of lubricant, suitable for each factor among the various mechanical parts that are formed. Several key elements that need oil are guides on the bench or a tree, and bearings and shafts.

The procedure used for lubrication and lubricant selection depends on the particular characteristics of the organ or mechanism, especially the relative speed of work, the more heat and the specified position in the whole engine. Therefore, while the gearbox is normally lubricated by partial immersion in an oil bath and splash lubrication of the bearings are located, either through a secondary conduit bearing lubricant, either by what called "self-lubricating" which requires a special meeting.

The lubrication of bearings and axle bearings located requires a circuit design that incorporates a gear pump, outside of channels and pipes needed. Other elements, such as guides and ball screws are lubricated carts manually using a distributor or oil.

Cooling

Surveys developed in the late nineteenth century (Taylor and others) have shown that cooling and lubricating the tool improves the cutting conditions. Clearly, in a machining operation, which produces metal removal under specific conditions of cut (depth way, the cutting speed feed rate), a process of plastic deformation is shown in the previous crack which generates a lot of temperature, equivalent to the work of deformation. However, the intensification of heat at the tip of the tool can become unusable within a few seconds of work. However, the situation involves a unsustainable cost to frequent replacement of tools with a quality finish of machined surfaces shabby, and it needs a guaranteed amount of refrigerant that must be supplied continuously and whose price is directly dependent on conditions cutting process and the equipment of the tool and workpiece.

Not so obvious is that lubrication is beneficial for the cutting process. Indeed, in the opening in the progression of the cutting tool must overcome a number of internal resistance of the material to be machined by consuming less energy. In addition, contacts and the existence of an action on the two different solid materials are inherent to the process. It is clear that the action of a lubricant film reduces friction and, consequently, the deformation work and the overall power required. The presence of the lubricant will also get to reduce tool wear (edges and corners cut) and extend its life. It is eminent that the reduction of friction is reduced during the heat reaches the cutting process, thereby improving the effectiveness of cutting fluid as a coolant.

To avoid loss of fluid in the circuit, the towers are built with a protective cabin can be displaced, which prevents the same time that the projections smart contact the operator of the machine.